Firearm.



L. N. DIEHNI.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED IuLv23,19I3.

Patented June 20, 1916.

)SM5 S. 4f@ f LUcIUs N. Dram/yor WESTHARTEORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNO'R or ONE- inner T .Q

BERKLEY o. STONE, or MIDDLETQWN, CONNECTICUT. y

FIBEARM.

To 'all 'whom it may concern.' Y

Be it knownthat I, L Ucms N. Dim-ur, a citizen of the United State, and aresidentot` liest Hartford, in the county of Hart- 5 ford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and Improved'Firearm, of which the following is a. specification.

My' invention -rel'ates more especially to' section, of a pistolembodying my invention. Fig. 2 1sA a 51de view of the saine, partially broken 'away and with parts removed. i Fig.v

nl unerai G ii'idieatesthe frame of the pira-ol,A

that prefer@l ly foi-ined of: a single piece of material, as netal, which frame includes a handle 7, trigger guard 8', and receiver i), the :latter constituting the entire upper part of the frame that is provided with a breech holtopcning l0, extending laterally through it, and a barrel receivingopening 1l extending from the breech bolt opening to the front of the receiver part of the frame. Thewall 0f thm opening l1 is thremled forV Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Ju ne 20, 1 Application led July 23, 1913. Serial No. 7 80 ,7l1. I i

. wise through the handle 7, thisopening tlxie-elaSsI-and which will-be rea Figure l is a view, in central longitudinal receiving chamber 15 for the receptiori'of cartridges 1G. A n'iagazme opening 17 is forined'lengtii tending from the lower end ofA the ih a'nelei'o ulinvard into the breech bolt opening10,"aiiil being adapted to reeeivea magazinel'- a n v ordinary form xand construction, to the rartrniges 16,"t-he .latter'lieing n ward 'ina mannerconnjnon to m' 1r/)inc of Y i y 'rind stood by those skilledin the art,'aiid which reaaon further 1lhlstrationf'anil e' scription is omitted herein. A inreech bolt 19 is located to slide in the breech bolt opelnng'llO, this'hreeeh'liolt'h ing :side parte 20, preferably extent-lino nvond the rear end ofthe vbreech bolt to elo i the opening 'l0 `when the breech holst i,' the forward lir'nt oiA itsslidiirg"'nio i" 'i The side parts valso have ilangefifat upper and lower edges to i'etain'tlie 'iii bolt in place and guideitzin it -x'f '1" movement. This breech-*bolt'vnixf "ni variolrs forms 4of construetioli, a. herein a side part, ineli'iding arearivl teniion and the flangesl .on 'one` id the boit, being formed integrallyth n'hiie thc-side part c n'tlie.ulipoite'" the breech holt ia Vformed separately ther from and is 'removably geruraltheet-d any milalnh manner.- l-n the :atruetH-'l- .iil'u` {rati-d this removable' side part has.b taii Shaped edge* fitting a dovwtaii iil groove in the side of the brei-ith In) pin i!! seated upon a Spring' E?, ii'i'a the side of the brom-.h lmlt for@ taining pin 2;- normalljy' outivax( hohling` recess 24 extending' from' th 25 extending from the hold-ing rece outer surface of the-Side part, into vviiieh" leasing opening an instrument may ara-lod lo press the pin inward and the side 'partfare 2li as an :iid in tle'niaf .ai miei" of the ln'eerh holtA :i cartridge eceivin' I een@ 2.7 is formed in the 'front endV of l lui-.erh holt, a cartridge inSerting iip' heilig formed on one side ofi the 'necesi and on the l'rnver side'iof the hre and, by :ii-bans of.' which the Lari-rid4 threat into the cartridge receiving chamber l5 in the barrel. A firing pin 2-9 is [iizeiiino the breech bolt, projectinginto the recess 27 in position to strike the primer in the end of the cartridge.

An actuating spring chamber 30 is formed' 'of the frame, and an'ejector pin 33 is located within the spring 31, the latter seating against a head 34 on the ejector pin, and this head fits snugly within the recess 32 to position the ejector and insure the entrance of its opposite reduced end within a hole 35 in the breech bolt. This pin 33 is of such length that it will project through the breech bolt and into the recess 27 when the breech bolt is at the backward limit of its play.

A sear opening 36 extends from the under side of the projecting rear part of the frame irlto the breech bolt opemng 10, this Sear opening being closed by a filling piece 37, removably secured in place in any desired manner. A sear spring 38 is secured to the filling piece, which spring acts against a sear 39 ivotally mounted in the sear opening 36. ne end of the sear is adapted to engage in a notch 40 in the underside of the breech bolt, and the other end of the Sear is adapted to engage the teeth of a sear actuator 41. This Sear actuator forms an important partof my invention and it and the sear are so constructed that the release of tlde breech bolt from the sear and the Sear from the actuator .take place almost simultaneclsly so that, no matter how quick the action of the breech bolt, the scar is always in position to catch within the notch 40. In the form of sear actuator shown herein it consists of a. toothed wheel pivotally mounted within the Sear chamber, the teeth being adapted to move the scar to disengage it from the notch 40 in the breech bolt. A sear actuating bar 42 is located in a sear actuating bar recess 43 in the side of the frame, one end of this bar having a hook 44 arranged to engage the teeth on the sear actuator, andthe other end of the bar being pivotally connected to an extenslon 45 from a trigger 46 pivotally mounted in the frame in the ordinary manner of such devices.

. A plunger 47 thrusts against the extension 45 under the force of a spring 48, the plunger and spring being located in a recess in the frame which recess is closed by a screw cap 49. A plate 50 is employed to cover the sear actuating bar recess 43, and side plates 51 to cover the openingin the handle part of the. frame. A spring actuated catch 5,2 is arranged 'to engage the end of the magazine to retain it in place, this catch being actuated as by means of a button 53.

It will be noted that the forces ofthe moving parts due to the action of the gases of explosion are opposed by solid abutments, that is, the entire frame is formed of a single plece, without joints, and these forces are exerted upon this solid frame. It will be further noted that the breech bolt serves the double function of a breech bolt anda hammer, and that the breech bolt in its forward movement forces the cartridge into the receiving chamber l5 and in the same movement projects the pin 29 against the primer to explode the cartridge, and this structure together with the connection between the trigger and the breech bolt is thus reduced to a minimum number of parts of the simplest construction.

In the operation of the device, the parts being in the position shown in Fig. 1, a pull upon the trigger 46 moves the bar 42, the e'ngagement of the end of which with the actuator 4l rotates the latter, operating the sear and disengaging it from the breech bolt. The latter is forced forward by the action of the spring 31 carrying with it a cartridge and inserting the latter into the chamber 15, the cartridge thus alining itself with the recess' 27. Promptly upon placement of the cartridge the pin 29 strikesthe primer and explodes the cartridge. The expansion of the gases of explosion forces the bullet out through the barrel and at the same time forces the shell of the cartridge backward in a manner that willbe readilv understood by those skilled in the art. This force of the backward movement ofthe cartridge shell carries the breech bolt with it, against the resistant-eef the spring 31, and the sear, which was promptly released from the sear actuator, will always be in position to engage the notch 40 and retain the breech bolt in its backward position, ready for the operation to be repeated. It will be noted that the firearm cannot b accidentally discharged for the reason that only at the instant of firing is there a cartridge in place to be discharged. Byreleasing the catch 52 and moving the magazine downward a slight distance the breech bolt may be moved to the forward limit of its play and the magazine returned to place. This will be the normal position of the parts when the firearm is not in use. When it is desired to use it the breech bolt may be manually moved backward by pressure applied by the thumb and finger upon the side parts 20.

While I have illustrated and described herein a preferred arrangement of parts embodying my invention, this construction may be departed from to a greater or lesser degree and yet be within the spirit and intent of the invention.

sov

2. A' firearm-including a frame erally therethrough@v constituting a breechbolt chamber, .a breech-bolt located in said chamber and having Qanges on one side projecting beyond its edges, and a side part removably secured to tlie opposite side of the breech-bolt and projecting beyond its edges forming flanges to'retain the breech-bolt in place.

3. A firearm including a frame formed of a single piece of metal with an opening laterally therethrough constituting a breechbolt chamber;l a breech-bolt locatedin said chamber and 'having side parts extending beyond its edgesto hold the breech-Holt in place, said side parts also extending beyond the back end to; an extent/g to f cover the breech-bolt chamber when the'breech-bolt is at the forward limit of its play, and means for permittingremovalpf ondof said side `parts to permit removal of thubreech-bolt laterally from saiil chamber. A

4. A-firearm including a frame formed of a single piece of metallwith an opening laterally therethrough constituting v,a breechholt chamber'n a .breech-bolt located in said chamber and having an integral flange on one side to 'retain the ,breech-bolt in place, a side part fitting a lipped groove in the opposite side of the breech-bolt, ,fand overlapping the opening and meansfor removably holding the side part in place:

` formed of Aa single piece of metal with an opening lat- 5. A firearm including a frame formed of a single piece of metal with an opening laterally therethrough constituting a breechbolt chamber, a breech-bolt located in said chamber and having on one side an integral tlan'ge for preventing removal of the bolt, the opposite side of the bolt projecting beyond the side part of the lframe and having a lipped longitudinal groove, a side part projecting into said groove, and a spring seated pin located in the bolt in position to engage a recess on the inner surface of the side part to hold it against movement. l. 6. A firearm including a frame having a breech-boit chamber therein, a breech-bolt movably mounted in said chamber, a retaining member for holding the breech-bolt against forward movement,` a ratchet rotatably mounted in the frame for engagement by said retaining member, an actuating bar projecting through the frame and having a toothed end, to engage said ratchet, and a trigger pivotally connected with the actuating' bar.

7. Afrearm including a frame formed of a 'single piece of metal and having a breechbolt chamber thereinl and a groove along the outer surface thereof, a recess extending laterally from one side into the frame, a breechbolt movably located in the breech-bolt chamber, a ratchet located in said recess' and extending to a .point opposite said groove, al

retaining member positioned to engage the 

